Sixteen-Factor Personality Profile
A 48-item profile spanning sixteen primary trait factors — including warmth, reasoning, emotional stability, dominance, liveliness, and openness to change — built from public-domain IPIP items. Non-diagnostic; offers a broad multi-trait overview of personality.
At a glance
Detailed write-up pending
A full, citation-backed scientific write-up for this scale — overview, clinical use, and psychometrics in the voice of a dissertation "Measures" section — has not yet been authored. To honor the platform's no-fabricated-sources rule, this page currently shows only the verified registry facts above (item count, structure, scoring, and any published norms). No validity coefficients, reliability figures, or citations are shown here that cannot be traced to a named source; the authored write-up will be added once its sources have been read and recorded in the plan-integrity file.
Subscales
Warmth 3 items
how warm and attentive you are toward others
Reasoning 3 items
how quickly you feel you grasp abstract ideas and problems
Emotional Stability 3 items
how calm and resilient you stay under stress
Dominance 3 items
how assertive and forceful you are
Liveliness 3 items
how spontaneous, energetic, and enthusiastic you are
Rule-Consciousness 3 items
how strongly you respect rules and standards
Social Boldness 3 items
how confident you feel in social situations
Sensitivity 3 items
how much you rely on feelings and aesthetic sensibility
Vigilance 3 items
how watchful or trusting you are of others' motives
Abstractedness 3 items
how much you live in ideas versus practical matters
Privateness 3 items
how guarded versus open you are about yourself
Apprehension 3 items
how self-doubting or worried you tend to feel
Openness to Change 3 items
how much you welcome change and new ideas
Self-Reliance 3 items
how much you prefer your own counsel to group support
Perfectionism 3 items
how organized and exacting you are
Tension 3 items
how restless or wound-up you tend to feel
Example item
“Make people feel at ease.”
Illustrative only. During administration items are presented one screen-set at a time; response-key direction is never shown to respondents.
Scoring & interpretation
Item responses are summed within each scale (reverse-keyed items recoded first) and expressed as a population percentile against the cited reference sample, with a reliability-based confidence range where α is published.
Psychometrics & norms
| Scale | M | SD | N | α | Metric |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Warmth | 11.81 | 2.02 | 795 | 0.61 | summed raw |
| Reasoning | 10.14 | 2.59 | 600 | 0.53 | summed raw |
| Social Boldness | 9.26 | 2.83 | 588 | 0.65 | summed raw |
| Perfectionism | 11.16 | 2.10 | 600 | 0.52 | summed raw |
Norms computed from the Eugene-Springfield Community Sample (ESCS) — Lewis R. Goldberg’s adult community panel from Eugene and Springfield, Oregon (Harvard Dataverse, doi:10.7910/DVN/UF52WY). This is a community sample and is NOT nationally representative. The mean, standard deviation, reference N and Cronbach’s α were computed directly from the raw IPIP item-level responses on THIS scale’s exact item set and reverse-keying (complete cases); reference N varies by scale and is shown with each scale below. The confidence range uses the standard error of measurement (SEM = SD·√(1−α)) from that computed α.
Source & citation
Items drawn from the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP), placed in the public domain. Goldberg, L. R., et al. (2006). The International Personality Item Pool and the future of public-domain personality measures. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(1), 84–96.