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Clinical instrument

International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) Narcissism

Narcissism uses 10 International Personality Item Pool statements to assess Narcissism.

A public-domain measure of subclinical narcissism—grandiosity, entitlement, and desire for admiration.

You learn how strongly self-admiration and a wish for admiration run through your personality.

For anyone curious how much self-admiration and need for recognition shape them.

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Report and PDF $6, paid after you finish.

Your answers stay private.

It comes from personality research on grandiose self-views.

Example score on the scale rangeChart drawn with invented example scores; not a real result.Example dataLower rangeMiddle rangeHigher rangeNarcissism
Sample result, example data. Illustrative chart with invented scores; it does not describe any real respondent.

What this test is

Welcome. Narcissism uses 10 International Personality Item Pool statements to assess Narcissism.

A public-domain measure of subclinical narcissism—grandiosity, entitlement, and desire for admiration.

The measure

It has 10 items, each answered on a 5-point (Very Inaccurate … Very Accurate) scale.

International Personality Item Pool (ipip.ori.org). Source scale: Raskin, R., & Terry, H. (1988). A principal-components analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(5), 890–902.

At a glance

Items
10
Response scale
5-point (Very Inaccurate … Very Accurate)
Est. time
~1 min
Access
Free to take · Full report and PDF for $6, or $3 to repeat

What it measures

Ten statements describe a grandiose self-image: believing oneself to be special, expecting a great deal from others, liking to be the center of attention, finding it easy to manipulate people, and insisting on getting the respect one deserves. The scale concerns narcissism as a normal-range personality trait.

Raskin and Terry (1988) developed the Narcissistic Personality Inventory to measure narcissism in the general population, drawing on clinical descriptions but treating the trait as continuous. Paulhus and Williams (2002) grouped narcissism with Machiavellianism and psychopathy as the dark triad. The statements here come from the public-domain International Personality Item Pool (IPIP).

The ratings are combined into a single score. Higher scores describe a more grandiose, entitled and attention-seeking style; lower scores describe greater modesty. Narcissism includes some adaptive elements, such as confidence, as well as the more problematic sense of entitlement.

The scale is used in research on self-esteem, leadership and relationships. On this site, the IPIP Dark Triad measures all three dark triad traits, the Self-Esteem scale measures self-regard without grandiosity, and the Exhibitionism scale describes a related enjoyment of attention.

Nomological network

Convergently, narcissism correlated moderately with the other Dark Triad measures (triad rs = .25–.50) and with Extraversion (r = .42) and Openness (r = .38), while relating negatively to Agreeableness (r = −.36). Discriminantly, unlike Machiavellianism and psychopathy it showed little association with Conscientiousness (r = −.06) and a near-zero link to Neuroticism (r = −.02). Predictively/criterion-wise, narcissism showed the clearest self-enhancement signature of the triad (over-claiming bias r = .17; residualized IQ self-rating r = .24), and males scored modestly higher (biserial r = .11; Paulhus & Williams, 2002).

This site’s International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) form

This version uses public-domain items from the International Personality Item Pool (Goldberg et al., 2006) keyed to the same dimensions.

Example item

“Am an extraordinary person.”

Very InaccurateModerately InaccurateNeither Accurate nor InaccurateModerately AccurateVery Accurate

Illustrative only. During administration items are presented one screen-set at a time; response-key direction is never shown to respondents.

Scoring & interpretation

Your report explains each of your scale scores in plain language.

Related measures

Common questions

Is this the NPI?

No. It is a public-domain IPIP scale keyed to the NPI construct (Raskin & Terry, 1988).

What outcomes link to narcissism in Paulhus & Williams (2002)?

Stronger self-enhancement (over-claiming and IQ overestimation) than Machiavellianism, plus Extraversion/Openness and low Agreeableness.

References

  1. Raskin, R., & Hall, C. S. (1979). A Narcissistic Personality Inventory. Psychological Reports, 45(2), 590.
  2. Raskin, R., & Terry, H. (1988). A principal-components analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(5), 890–902.
  3. Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The Dark Triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(6), 556–563.
  4. Goldberg, L. R., Johnson, J. A., Eber, H. W., Hogan, R., Ashton, M. C., Cloninger, C. R., & Gough, H. G. (2006). The International Personality Item Pool and the future of public-domain personality measures. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(1), 84–96.

Sample report preview

The report shows your total score and where it falls across the range of possible scores, followed by a plain-language explanation of what scores in that region describe. Where the instrument has published interpretive bands, the report names the band and what it means. It closes with notes on how to read the result and on when a conversation with a qualified professional may be useful.

Report contents
SectionWhat it shows
ScoreYour scale score, computed with the published scoring key.
ComparisonsHow your scores compare with a published comparison group.

It is free to take, and the full report with a downloadable copy is $6.

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