Self-report measure

International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) Big-Five Factor Markers, 100 items

Big-Five 100 uses 100 International Personality Item Pool statements to assess Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, Intellect/Imagination, and Agreeableness.

You learn your scores on openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and emotional stability.

For anyone who wants a thorough, well-established reading of their five core personality traits.

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Pay $9 before you start. The full report and PDF are included.

Your answers stay private.

It comes from decades of personality research on the five broad dimensions of human character.

Sample result, example data. Illustrative chart with invented scores; it does not describe any real respondent.

International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) Big-Five Factor Markers, 100 items box

What this test is

Welcome. Big-Five 100 uses 100 International Personality Item Pool statements to assess Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, Intellect/Imagination, and Agreeableness.

The measure

It has 100 items, each answered on a 5-point (Very Inaccurate … Very Accurate) scale. Its scores cover Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, Intellect/Imagination and Agreeableness.

Public-domain items from the International Personality Item Pool (Goldberg, L. R., 1999; ipip.ori.org). Scale membership and reverse-keying taken verbatim from Goldberg's IPIP multi-scale map (ScalesFor967items). Construct names from ipip.ori.org.

At a glance

Items

100

Response scale

5-point (Very Inaccurate … Very Accurate)

Est. time

~14 min

Subscales

Access

Pay before you start · $9, or $5 to repeat · full report and PDF included

What it measures

One hundred statements describe the five broad personality factors in Goldberg's lexical tradition: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability and Intellect or Imagination.

Goldberg (1992) established adjective markers for the five factors from studies of the personality vocabulary, and when he created the public-domain International Personality Item Pool (IPIP; Goldberg, 1999) he wrote statement versions in a fifty-item and a hundred-item form. Both are keyed to the same five factors.

Each factor is scored from twenty statements, giving five scores that are more stable than those of shorter forms. Higher scores describe a stronger, more consistent version of the tendency, and lower scores describe its opposite pole rather than a deficit. Emotional Stability is keyed toward steadiness, so a high score there describes calm, and Intellect emphasizes interest in ideas and quick understanding.

The longer form is used in research where precise factor scores are wanted and in personal development. On this site, the Big-Five Factor Markers is the fifty-item version, the Mini-IPIP is the shortest, the IPIP-NEO-120 adds facet detail, and the Abridged Big-Five Circumplex (AB5C) describes blends of pairs of factors.

Origins and lineage

The Big Five grew out of the lexical hypothesis — the premise that the individual differences people find most important are encoded in everyday language. Allport and Odbert (1936) catalogued thousands of person-descriptive terms from an unabridged English dictionary; Cattell (1943) reduced that lexicon to a set of rating variables compact enough to factor.

Goldberg's program turned the taxonomy into public measurement: his large adjective analyses established the robustness of the structure he dubbed the 'Big-Five' (Goldberg, 1990), his marker sets standardized it for research use (Goldberg, 1992), and the International Personality Item Pool (Goldberg, 1999) moved the enterprise into the public domain so that any researcher could administer, inspect, and improve the scales without license barriers.

The International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) version used here

The five 20-item domain scales here are original IPIP items in Goldberg's own lexical marker tradition, not a repackaging of any proprietary questionnaire; for the Big Five there is no single commercial 'original' to imitate, and these public-domain scales are themselves reference instruments. Scale membership and reverse-keying are taken verbatim from Goldberg's IPIP multi-scale map (the ScalesFor967items table), with construct names as catalogued at ipip.ori.org.

Scores describe broad, normal-range dispositions — not abilities, and not diagnoses.

Nomological network

These markers measure the five broad factors of personality found in everyday trait language: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability and Intellect (Goldberg, 1992). Scales built from the International Personality Item Pool converge closely with the commercial inventories they parallel (Goldberg et al., 2006).

The five factors are largely separate from each other, and their narrower facets add to the prediction of everyday behavior beyond the broad factors (Paunonen & Ashton, 2001).

Subscales

Extraversion 20 items

Conscientiousness 20 items

Emotional Stability 20 items

Intellect/Imagination 20 items

Agreeableness 20 items

Example item

“Am a very private person.”

Very InaccurateModerately InaccurateNeither Accurate nor InaccurateModerately AccurateVery Accurate

Illustrative only. During administration items are presented one screen-set at a time; response-key direction is never shown to respondents.

Scoring & interpretation

Your report explains each of your scale scores in plain language.

References

Allport, G. W., & Odbert, H. S. (1936). Trait-names: A psycho-lexical study. Psychological Monographs, 47(1), i–171.
Cattell, R. B. (1943). The description of personality: Basic traits resolved into clusters. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 38(4), 476–506.
Tupes, E. C., & Christal, R. E. (1992). Recurrent personality factors based on trait ratings. Journal of Personality, 60(2), 225–251.
Norman, W. T. (1963). Toward an adequate taxonomy of personality attributes: Replicated factor structure in peer nomination personality ratings. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66(6), 574–583.
Goldberg, L. R. (1990). An alternative 'description of personality': The Big-Five factor structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(6), 1216–1229.
Goldberg, L. R. (1992). The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure. Psychological Assessment, 4(1), 26–42.
Goldberg, L. R. (1999). A broad-bandwidth, public-domain, personality inventory measuring the lower-level facets of several five-factor models. In I. Mervielde, I. Deary, F. De Fruyt, & F. Ostendorf (Eds.), Personality Psychology in Europe (Vol. 7, pp. 7–28). Tilburg University Press.
International Personality Item Pool. A Scientific Collaboratory for the Development of Advanced Measures of Personality Traits and Other Individual Differences. https://ipip.ori.org/
Goldberg, L. R., Johnson, J. A., Eber, H. W., Hogan, R., Ashton, M. C., Cloninger, C. R., & Gough, H. G. (2006). The International Personality Item Pool and the future of public-domain personality measures. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(1), 84–96.
Paunonen, S. V., & Ashton, M. C. (2001). Big Five factors and facets and the prediction of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(3), 524–539.

Sample report preview

The report opens with a profile of your scores on the 5 scales (Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, Intellect/Imagination, and Agreeableness), drawn on a common scale so the overall shape of the profile is visible at a glance. Each scale then receives a short plain-language explanation of what a higher or lower standing describes. It closes with guidance on reading the results and on the limits of self-report.

Report contents
Section	What it shows
Subscale scores	Your score on each of the 5 subscales.
Comparisons	How your scores compare with a published comparison group.

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